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| 1 And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold a feast unto me in the wilderness. |
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| 2 And Pharaoh said, Who is the LORD, that I should obey his voice to let Israel go? I know not the LORD, neither will I let Israel go. |
And Pharaoh – Supposed to have been Menephtah. R3994:2
Type of Satan. R5273:2, R5419:5; F458
I know not the LORD – Moses was met with derision. It was a time of testing to the faith, not only of Moses and Aaron, but of all Israelites. R5263:6
He considered the sun god of the Egyptians the powerful one. R5271:5
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| 3 And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us: let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the desert, and sacrifice unto the LORD our God; lest he fall upon us with pestilence, or with the sword. |
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| 4 And the king of Egypt said unto them, Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, let the people from their works? get you unto your burdens. |
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| 5 And Pharaoh said, Behold, the people of the land now are many, and ye make them rest from their burdens. |
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| 6 And Pharaoh commanded the same day the taskmasters of the people, and their officers, saying, |
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| 7 Ye shall no more give the people straw to make brick, as heretofore: let them go and gather straw for themselves. |
Straw for themselves – One of the cities built by the Hebrews that has been discovered is the Egyptian city of Pithom, discovered in 1883. It corroborates the Biblical narrative with increasingly inferior bricks being used on upper courses. R3983:3
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| 8 And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall lay upon them; ye shall not diminish ought thereof: for they be idle; therefore they cry, saying, Let us go and sacrifice to our God. |
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| 9 Let there more work be laid upon the men, that they may labour therein; and let them not regard vain words. |
More work – Thus their tasks were practically doubled. But by these very bitter experiences the people were all the more prepared to welcome liberty. Similarly, we should appreciate the privilege of being set free from the power of sin and death and of being inducted into God's family. R5263:6
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| 10 And the taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers, and they spake to the people, saying, Thus saith Pharaoh, I will not give you straw. |
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| 11 Go ye, get you straw where ye can find it: yet not ought of your work shall be diminished. |
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| 12 So the people were scattered abroad throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble instead of straw. |
The land of Egypt – Satan's dominion of sin and death. R5643:1, R5273:1; F458
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| 13 And the taskmasters hasted them, saying, Fulfil your works, your daily tasks, as when there was straw. |
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| 14 And the officers of the children of Israel, which Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, and demanded, Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your task in making brick both yesterday and to day, as heretofore? |
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| 15 Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried unto Pharaoh, saying, Wherefore dealest thou thus with thy servants? |
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| 16 There is no straw given unto thy servants, and they say to us, Make brick: and, behold, thy servants are beaten; but the fault is in thine own people. |
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| 17 But he said, Ye are idle, ye are idle: therefore ye say, Let us go and do sacrifice to the LORD. |
He said, Ye are idle – As some of the hard-hearted will doubtless say to the poor in the coming time of trouble. A336
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| 18 Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you, yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks. |
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| 19 And the officers of the children of Israel did see that they were in evil case, after it was said, Ye shall not minish ought from your bricks of your daily task. |
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| 20 And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they came forth from Pharaoh: |
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| 21 And they said unto them, The LORD look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savour to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us. |
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| 22 And Moses returned unto the LORD, and said, Lord, wherefore hast thou so evil entreated this people? why is it that thou hast sent me? |
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| 23 For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in thy name, he hath done evil to this people; neither hast thou delivered thy people at all. |
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